Financial institutions in China are the world’s second-largest financier of commodities which are driving tropical rainforest deforestation, according to a new study by Forests & Finance, a coalition of research groups and civil society organisations from the US, Indonesia, Netherlands, Brazil and Malaysia that tracks countries’ financing that causes deforestation.
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What is Happening?
- The study analysed data gathered from financial databases and company publications and found that, between January 2016 and April 2020, Chinese financial institutions provided approximately USD$15 billion in loans and underwriting services to companies involved in pulp and paper, palm oil, beef, soy, rubber and timber (‘forest-risk commodities’) in Southeast Asia, Brazil and Central & West Africa.
- The 300+ companies included in the Forests & Finance research are a representative sample of companies impacting or causing potential harm to tropical forests, wetlands and communities.
- Financial institutions from China provide more financing to deforestation -risk commodity sectors than those from Indonesia, ($14 billion), the world’s largest producer of palm oil and one of the largest producers of both rubber and tropical timber. Brazil, the world’s largest producer of soy and second largest producer of beef, is the largest financier of forest-risk commodities in the world.
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Tom Picken, Director of RAN’s Forests & Finance Campaign, says, “The world’s big economies talk big on climate action yet continue to turn a blind eye to their own banks funding tropical deforestation. China and other major economies must put their weight behind real measures to stop deforestation, protect forest communities, and slow climate change – by regulating the financial sector.”
- Despite China having only small areas of tropical forest itself, Chinese financial institutions are highly exposed to deforestation, and the related environmental, social and governance risks linked to their clients’ operations. A number of clients receiving Chinese bank loans and underwriting services include companies involved in illegal or unsustainable corporate practices like deforestation, peatland degradation, land and forest fires, land rights violations and bribery.
- In a recent evaluation by Rainforest Action Network into the policies of major banks known to be financing tropical deforestation, China’s ICBC- the biggest bank in the world- scored joint last for having adequate forest sector policies. The Chinese government has an opportunity to tighten the rules on banks financing deforestation through an upcoming planned revision of the Chinese law on commercial banks.
